π₯ Oven Temperature Converter
Convert between Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Gas Mark for any recipe.
Converted Temperature
How to Use This Converter
Recipes cross borders, but oven scales do not. This converter turns any Celsius, Fahrenheit, or Gas Mark temperature into the other two instantly, so a British recipe works in an American oven and vice versa.
Choose the scale your recipe uses: Celsius, Fahrenheit, or Gas Mark. If you pick Gas Mark, a dropdown of marks 1 to 9 appears instead of a number box.
Enter the temperature from the recipe (for example 180).
Pick the scale your oven uses. The converted value appears immediately, with all three scales shown below it.
Check the cooking guide below: it tells you what each temperature range is actually good for, from slow roasting to pizza.
What Each Temperature Range Is For
Oven temperatures cluster into a few practical bands. Knowing which band a recipe sits in helps you improvise when a recipe is vague (or when your oven only speaks one scale).
Slow roasting at 140 to 160C breaks down tough cuts like chuck or pork shoulder into tender, pull-apart meat without drying it out. Bread wants the hotter 190 to 220C band: the heat gives a fast oven spring and a crisp crust before the crumb sets. Vegetables roast best at 200C and up, where the sugars caramelize instead of steaming. Pizza is the extreme case: as hot as your oven goes, ideally 250C or more, with a preheated stone or steel.
The Conversion Formulas
Celsius and Fahrenheit convert with simple arithmetic, but Gas Mark is a discrete scale with only nine steps, so it is always a lookup: find the mark whose Celsius value sits closest to your temperature. That is why Gas Mark conversions round. 190C lands exactly on Gas Mark 5, while 195C still rounds to Gas Mark 5 because the next mark, 6, sits at 200C.
Worked Example
Take the most common baking temperature in the world: 180C. Fahrenheit = 180 x 9/5 + 32 = 356F, which every chart rounds to 350F. Looking up 180C in the Gas Mark table gives Gas Mark 4 exactly. So 180C = 350F = Gas Mark 4, the standard temperature for cakes, cookies, and casseroles. Going the other way, Gas Mark 7 = 220C = 425F, a classic roasting-vegetable setting.
Fan Ovens, Preheating, and Thermometers
Two things trip people up more than the scales themselves. First, fan (convection) ovens cook faster than still air, so drop the recipe temperature by about 20C (35F) unless your oven auto-adjusts. Second, always preheat fully: 10 to 15 minutes for most ovens, longer if you are baking bread on a stone. And because real ovens drift from their dials, an inexpensive oven thermometer is the single best upgrade for consistent results. Set the dial, read the thermometer, and adjust until they agree.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Gas Mark?
Gas Mark is the temperature scale used on gas ovens in the UK and Ireland, running from 1 to 9 (sometimes shown as 1/4 to 9). It dates back to the Regulo thermostat: Gas Mark 1 is a very slow oven at 140C (275F), and Gas Mark 9 is very hot at 240C (475F). Electric ovens in the UK usually show Celsius, so the scale is mostly a gas-oven thing.
Is 180C exactly the same as 350F?
Almost. The exact math gives 180 x 9/5 + 32 = 356F, but every published oven chart rounds it to 350F, which is Gas Mark 4. A 6-degree difference is meaningless in a real oven, where the thermostat itself swings by more than that. Use 350F and Gas Mark 4 interchangeably with 180C.
Do fan (convection) ovens need a lower temperature?
Yes. Reduce the recipe temperature by about 20C (35F) when using a fan or convection setting, because the moving air transfers heat more efficiently. Many modern fan ovens do this for you when you select the fan symbol. If a recipe says 200C conventional, set 180C fan.
Can I use an American recipe in a Gas Mark oven?
Yes, just convert the Fahrenheit temperature to the nearest Gas Mark. US 350F becomes Gas Mark 4, 400F becomes Gas Mark 6, 425F becomes Gas Mark 7, and 450F becomes Gas Mark 8. This converter does the rounding for you and shows all three scales at once.
Should I trust the temperature dial on my oven?
Not blindly. Home ovens commonly run 10 to 25 degrees hot or cold versus the dial, and the temperature swings as the thermostat cycles. A cheap oven thermometer hung on the middle rack tells you the truth and pays for itself the first time it saves a batch of cookies.